Judged by the country’s performance in extracting hydrocarbons, Venezuela under President Hugo Chavez has not been a smashing success. Ten years ago, when Chavez first came to power, the country produced about 3.4 million barrels of oil a day. Production currently runs around 2.3 million barrels a day and is still falling. This decline makes for tough times in Venezuela. The country relies on oil for more than 90% of its export earnings and more than 60% of the government’s budget. That budget also pays for a lot more social programs now than it did ten years ago. In 2007, Venezuela essentially nationalized its oil industry, raisingroyalty payments and, in some cases, expropriating the oil companies’assets.
Chevron Corporation (NYSE:CVX), StatoilHydro ASA (NYSE:STO),Total S.A. (NYSE:TOT), and BP plc (NYSE:BP) retained minority ownershipof their assets. ConocoPhillips Corporation(NYSE:COP) wrote off morethan $4.5 billion in assets and pulled out. Exxon Mobil Corporation(NYSE:XOM) decided to fight, and about $13 billion in assets is atstill at stake, with Exxon winning the original case, but losing anappeal last year.
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