The unofficial closing bells put the DJIA up nearly 157 points to 12,862.23 (1.23%), the NASDAQ rose nearly 46 points (1.61%) to 2,905.66, and the S&P 500 rose 1.46% or more than 19 points to 1,344.90.

There were several analyst upgrades and downgrades today, including Marathon Oil Corp. (NYSE: MRO) cut to ‘hold’ at Argus; Peet’s Coffee & Tea Inc. (NASDAQ: PEET) raised to ‘outperform’ at Baird; Research in Motion Ltd. (NASDAQ: RIMM) cut to ‘underperform’ at Jefferies; Urban Outfitters Inc. (NASDAQ: URBN) raised to ‘buy’ at Janney Capital; and Chesapeake Energy Corp. (NYSE: CHK) started as ‘neutral’ at Credit Suisse.

Earnings reports since markets closed last night have led to some price changes as of the last half hour of trading today: Gilead Sciences Inc. (NASDAQ: GILD) is up more than 11% at $54.83 after posting a new 52-week high of $54.90 earlier (see our coverage here); Genworth Financial Inc. (NYSE: GNW) is up more than 13% at $9.12; PC Connection Inc. (NASDAQ: PCCC) is down nearly -20% at $10.22; Novellus Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: NVLS) is down -0.73% at $48.98, but posted a new 52-week high of $49.92 earlier in the day; PerkinElmer Inc. (NYSE: PKI) is up more than 6% at $26.21; Beam Inc. (NYSE: BEAM) is up 2.4% at $54.28; Estee Lauder Cos. Inc. (NYSE: EL) is down -3.64% at $56.71 (more coverage here); and Weyerhaeuser Co. (NYSE: WY) is up more than 5% at $21.19.

Other standouts from today include the following stocks:

Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc. (NASDAQ: THLD) is up nearly 115% at $2.77. The pharmaceuticals firm has announced a global development deal with Germany’s Merck.

Tudou Holdings Ltd. (NASDAQ: TUDO) is up nearly 19% at $16.66. The Chinese online video company has signed a deal with Sina Corp. (NASDAQ: SINA) to provide a video platform for Sina Weibo, a Twitter-like social site.

Zoltek Cos. Inc. (NASDAQ: ZOLT) is up nearly 39% at $13.14. The specialty fibers maker posted good earnings number and forecast continued growth in the market for wind turbines which use its carbon fibers in blade construction.

STR Holdings Inc. (NASDAQ: STRI) is down nearly -20% at $9.08. The company manufactures materials used in solar PV modules, and lowered its fourth-quarter guidance this morning.

Mannkind Corp. (NASDAQ: MNKD) is down nearly -13% at $2.15 after posting a new 52-week low of $2.14 earlier. The biotech company has priced its public offering of units containing one share of stock and warrant to purchase another 0.6 shares. More coverage here.

Stay tuned for Monday. We have noted the following events on the schedule (all times Eastern):

• 11:30 a.m. – 3- and 6-month Treasury bill auction
• 3:00 p.m. – Treasury STRIPS

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Have a great weekend.

Paul Ausick

Apache Corporation (NYSE: APA) Started as Outperform at Credit Suisse.
BB&T Corp. (NYSE: BBT) Raised to Equal-Weight at Barclays.
Cablevision Systems Corporation (NYSE: CVC) Cut to Underweight at JPMorgan.
Chesapeake Energy Corporation (NYSE: CHK) Started as Neutral at Credit Suisse.
Darden Restaurants, Inc. (NYSE: DRI) named Bear of the Day at Zacks.
Eastman Chemical Company (NYSE: EMN) named as Value stock of the day at Zacks.
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation (NYSE: EW) Cut to Market Perform at Wells Fargo.
Marathon Oil Corporation (NYSE: MRO) Cut to Hold at Argus.
Noble Energy Inc. (NYSE: NBL) Started as Outperform at Credit Suisse.
Peet’s Coffee & Tea, Inc. (NASDAQ: PEET) Raised to Outperform at Baird.
Research in Motion Ltd. (NASDAQ: RIMM) Cut to Underperform at Jefferies.
Royal Bank of Scotland (NYSE: RBS) Cut to Hold at Deutsche Bank.
SLM Corp. (NYSE: SLM) named as Bull of the Day at Zacks.
Urban Outfitters, Inc. (NASDAQ: URBN) Raised to Buy from Neutral at Janney Capital.

If you enjoyed the top analyst calls, you can sign up in the box below to join our morning email list to receive news directly in your inbox each morning. We include major analyst upgrades and downgrades, IPO and M&A news, special situation developments, observations on Warren Buffett and key market gurus, as well as special exclusive feature stories.

JON C. OGG

The new gathering system will serve the Keathley Canyon area and serve producers Anadarko Petroleum Co. (NYSE: APC), Apache Corp. (NYSE: APA), Exxon Mobil Corp. (NYSE: XOM), Eni SpA (NYSE: E), Petroleo Brasileiro (NYSE: PBR), and Plains Exploration & Production Co. (NYSE: PXP). Keathley Canyon was the site of the first major oil discovery in the US Gulf once drilling was reopened following the Macondo well explosion in April 2010 that killed 11 workers on a rig operated by BP plc (NYSE: BP). Exxon, which made the discovery, has estimated the resource at 700 million barrels.

The joint venture, called the Southeast Keathley Canyon Pipeline Co. LLC (SEKCO), plans to build an 18-inch pipeline to transport 115,000 barrels/day of crude to a floating production platform and connect to Enterprise’s Poseidon pipeline system to move the oil onshore. The southeast portion of Keathley Canyon is estimated to hold about 300 million barrels of reserves.

In related transactions, Genesis is acquiring a 28% stake in the Poseidon pipeline system from Marathon Oil Corp. (NYSE: MRO), as well as a 29% stake in the Odyssey pipeline system which is majority owned and operated by Royal Dutch Shell plc (NYSE: RDS-A) and a 23% stake in the Eugene Island pipeline system owned by a group including Exxon, Shell, Chevron Corp. (NYSE: CVX), and ConocoPhillips (NYSE: COP). Genesis is paying about $206 million for these three acquisitions, which includes about $26 million for the value of the crude already in the pipelines. The company used its revolving credit facility to finance the purchases.

The SEKCO pipeline system is expected to be in service by mid-2014.

Paul Ausick

We’ve surveyed eight major oil companies, both integrated and E&P only, to try to find out where value in these stocks might be based on analysts’ target prices and implied upside on the stock. The companies we looked at are Exxon Mobil Corp. (NYSE: XOM), Chevron Corp. (NYSE: CVX), ConocoPhillips Corp. (NYSE: COP), BP plc (NYSE: BP), Occidental Petroleum Corp. (NYSE: OXY), Marathon Oil Corp. (NYSE: MRO), Apache Corp. (NYSE: APA), and Petroleo Brasileiro SA (NYSE: PBR), more commonly known as Petrobras.

All data comes from Yahoo! Finance and MarketWatch, with current prices from about noon today.

Exxon Mobil Corp. (NYSE: XOM) has a median target price of $90.00 from 17 brokers. Shares are trading today at $79.31, for an upside potential of $10.69, or 13.5%. Exxon pays a dividend yield of 2.4% and its forward P/E is 9.38. Exxon’s upside is the second-lowest in this group, and is dragged down by the company’s expressed decision to retain its refining operations. Because refining is, at the best of times, cyclical and profitability depends largely on crude oil prices, the current upward movement in WTI pricing will affect the company’s refining margins.

In the third quarter, Exxon’s US refining profits totaled $810 million, up 79% from the third quarter of 2010. Non-US refining profits actually fell by -23% because the WTI/Brent differential did not affect overseas crude pricing.

Chevron Corp. (NYSE: CVX) has a median target price of $122.00 from 19 brokers. Shares are trading today at $101.88, for a potential upside of $20.12, or 19.8%. Chevron pays a dividend yield of 3.1% and its forward P/E is 7.91. Chevron, like Exxon, has rejected the option of hiving off its refinery operations, and also like Exxon, that decision will affect profits as refinery margins fall. In the third quarter, Chevron’s price differential between WTI and Brent crude averaged $17/barrel. As Brent prices fall due to resumed production from Libya and WTI prices rise, the differential will close further and the $2 billion in profit that Chevron made from its downstream operations will also decline. Fortunately for Chevron, the higher realized prices for its crude will offset a fair portion of that downstream drop-off.

ConocoPhillips Corp. (NYSE: COP) has a median target price of $80.00 from 17 brokers. Shares are trading today at $70.80, for an implied upside of $9.20, or 13%. Conoco pays a dividend yield of 3.7% and its foward P/E is 8.39. Conoco announced its intention to spin-off its refining operations into a separate company, but it may have waited too long to be able to set a premium price for its refineries. The company’s potential upside is the lowest of this group, and that is likely due to what investors see as a probable delay in the refinery spin-off or a decision by the company to go ahead with the deal at a less-than-desired price.

BP plc (NYSE: BP) has a median target price of $54.12 from 12 brokers. Shares are trading today at $43.23, for an implied upside of $10.96, or 25.4%. The company pays a dividend yield of 3.8%, the highest of this group, and its forward P/E is 6.58, the second-lowest in this group. While BP has managed to boost its share price by more than 60% from its low in June of 2010 following the Macondo well explosion that killed 11 workers and dumped 5 million barrels of crude into the Gulf of Mexico, investors remain wary of the company’s ability to put the disaster fully behind it. BP is also trying to sell two refineries, not to bolster its reserves, but simply to get rid of them. At the same time, it is upgrading its Indiana refinery to accept more crude from Canada’s oil sands.

Occidental Petroleum Corp. (NYSE: OXY) has a median target price of $115.00 from 19 brokers. Shares are trading today at $97.20, for an upside potential of $17.80, or 18.3%. The company pays a dividend yield of 1.9% and its forward P/E of 11.72. Because Oxy has no refining operations, it is insulated from the decline in refining margins. The company’s stock was upgraded recently from ‘neutral’ to ‘outperform’ with a target price of $135.00 by Credit Suisse. The company owns high-potential shale oil fields in California and other properties in Texas that will benefit from rising crude prices, without suffering any drag from refining.

Marathon Oil Corp. (NYSE: MRO) has a median target price of $33.00 from 18 brokers. Shares are trading today at $27.14, for an implied gain of $5.86, or 21.6%. The company pays a dividend yield of 2.2% and its forward P/E is 7.99. Marathon successfully spun-off 100% of its refining assets into a separate company, Marathon Petroleum Corp. (NYSE: MPC), in June this year. Marathon averaged 46,000 barrels/day of production from its Libyan assets in 2010. The company has not indicated when any part of that production will be back on-line, but a resumption should be just around the corner.

Apache Corp. (NYSE: APA) has a price target of $134.00 from 23 brokers. Shares are trading today at $100.87, for an upside potential of $33.13, or 32.8%. The company pays a dividend yield of 0.6% and its forward P/E is 8.3. Apache’s target price is a few pennies below its 52-week high, which may signal that the company is fully priced. Apache’s strongest point has been that it is able to sell about 75% of its production at Brent prices. As the price gap between WTI and Brent narrows, that won’t have a lot of impact on the company unless Brent should suddenly fall below WTI. Like Oxy and Marathon, Apache has no refining to concern itself with.

Petroleo Brasileiro SA (NYSE: PBR) has a median target price of $38.04 from 20 brokers. Shares are trading today at $27.28, for an upside potential of $10.76, or 39.4 %, the highest upside in this group. The company pays a dividend yield of 0.6% and its forward P/E is 6.42, both the lowest in this group. Petrobras is investing nearly $225 billion over the next few years to begin producing some 5 billion barrels of crude from the basins offshore of Brazil. In the third quarter, the company produced about 2.6 million barrels/day and expects to raise that total to 3 million barrels/day by the end of 2012. It will need to continue that level of production growth in order to keep up with the costs it will incur.

Of the eight companies in this group, the favorite probably has to be Apache, which has no refining operations and is able to sell the vast majority of its crude at the highest price available. Oxy is a strong second choice. The major integrated companies will feel the drag from their refineries, and Marathon needs to get its Libyan oil back online. As for Petrobras, it’s really a crapshoot at this point.

Paul Ausick

Marathon Petroleum was spun out of Marathon Oil Corp. (NYSE: MRO) in late July. Since then, the stock has been quite volatile, but is now back to about where it was at the time of the spin-off. Shares recently traded at $37.41 and its market cap is $12.94 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $29.32 to $47.17.  The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of about 1.44 to 1. Its forward price earnings multiple is 4.86. The company currently pays a dividend yield of 2.2% to investors.  Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $51.92, implying roughly 39% upside to the most recent price.

Valero has gotten a boost from its entry into the ethanol market and could be a buyer for the two refineries that Sunoco plans to shed by next July. Valero’s shares recently traded at $23.55 and its market cap is $12.75 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $16.43-$30.98.  The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of about 0.80 to 1. Its forward price earnings multiple is 5.39. The company currently pays a dividend yield of 0.90% to investors. Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $30.06, implying roughly 28% upside to the most recent price.

Murphy Oil, unlike the other refiners, still owns some exploration and production assets that help keep its value up. Murphy’s stock recently traded at $51.98 and its market cap is $10.18 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $47.24-$77.41.  The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of about 1.15 to 1. Its forward price earnings multiple is 7.39. The company currently pays a dividend yield of 2.09% to investors. Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $75.00, implying roughly 44% upside to the most recent price.

HollyFrontier was formed from a merger of Holly Corp. and Frontier Oil in June of this year. Since then the stock has moved generally upward. HollyFrontier shares recently traded at $37.74 and its market cap is $7.79 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $13.34-$38.90. The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of 4.13. Its forward price earnings multiple is 6.12. The company currently pays a dividend of 0.94% to investors. Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $41.00, implying roughly 10% to the most recent price.

Sunoco announced yesterday that it would be selling or closing its remaining refining assets. Once that happens, Sunoco will own gas stations and majority positions in two other recent spin-offs in logistics and petroleum coke production. Sunoco’s shares recently traded at $38.79 and its market cap is $4.75 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $27.76-$46.57. The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of 1.68. Its forward price earnings multiple is 19.70. The company currently pays a dividend of 1.53% to investors. Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $44.20, implying roughly 14% to the most recent price.

Tesoro has announced that it plans to add nearly 300 retail outlets to its existing 1,200. The company expects a 12% boost to its business with these additions. Tesoro shares recently traded at $25.02 and its market cap is $3.46 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $12.03-$28.74.  The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of about 0.97 to 1. Its forward price earnings multiple is 6.35. The company currently pays no dividend to investors. Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $27.79, implying roughly 11% upside to the most recent price.

Western Refining is the smallest of the seven companies we’ve looked at here. Most of its sales are in low population states in the US southwest. Western’s shares recently traded at $17.95 and its market cap is $1.62 billion. The stock’s 52-week trading range is $4.70-$21.75.  The current value is trading at a price-to-book ratio of about 2.00 to 1. Its forward price earnings multiple is 5.85. The company currently pays no dividend to investors. Thomson Reuters has a consensus price target of $20.63, implying roughly 15% upside to the most recent price.

The substantial upside for Murphy reflects the company’s E&P asset holdings. Owning at least some of the refining feedstock helps Murphy smooth out the higher prices for crude oil and its access to domestic crude rather than imported, more expensive crude also works in its favor. Marathon Petroleum and Valero also have substantial upside, but in their cases they are vulnerable to a closing of the differential between WTI and Brent crudes. Murphy is an overall better choice.

Paul Ausick

Sunoco, Inc. (NYSE: SUN) has decided that now is the time for it, too, to shed its refining operations. The company wants to sell two refineries on the east coast with a combined capacity of 505,000 barrels/day of throughput. Sunoco will take an impairment charge of up to $2.2 billion in its third quarter and has warned that the costs of closing the plants could rise by another $500 million.

That’s if Sunoco can’t find a buyer for the refiners.  If no buyer steps up, Sunoco will close the refineries in July 2012. The company said it could record a pre-tax gain of about $2 billion if it sells or closes the refineries. It’s not an idle exercise to wonder if there are any buyers left.

Here’s a review of recent refining changes. Marathon Oil Corp. (NYSE: MRO) spun off its refining to a new company, Marathon Petroleum Corp. (NYSE: MPC). ConocoPhillips Corp. (NYSE: COP) has announced that it will spin-off its refining operations this year. Valero Corp. (NYSE: VLO) acquired a refinery in the UK from Royal Dutch Shell plc (NYSE: RDS-A) and just last week bought a refinery in Louisiana from Murphy Oil Corp. (NYSE: MUR).

The logical buyer, Valero, has spent about $2.625 billion so far this year on refining acquisitions. The company reported about $4 billion in cash and $6.8 billion in long-term debt in its last quarterly earnings. It could conceivably pony up the money for the Sunoco refineries. Marathon, with a market cap of more than $12 billion, holds about $1.6 billion in cash and long-term debt of about $3.2 billion. No other refiner is a likely prospect.

It looks like Sunoco may have waited too long to put its refineries on the market. The company has another problem as well. According to the company’s most recent 10-K, the east coast refineries get their feedstocks from foreign sources, primarily Nigeria. Just 13% of the company’s feedstocks are domestically sourced.

That means that Sunoco, or a potential buyer, will be paying Brent crude prices, currently about $15/barrel more than US WTI crude. Other US refiners with access to WTI crude are able to turn that $15/barrel differential into profits. The Sunoco refineries can’t do that. That’s not a selling point.

Still, Sunoco’s announcement has boosted the share price by nearly 4% just before noon today, to $37.50, in a 52-week range of $26.93-$46.98.

Paul Ausick

There are at least four other significant spin-offs being planned or discussed in the sector. The largest perhaps is the planned spin-off of the downstream assets of ConocoPhillips Corp. (NYSE: COP). Chesapeake Energy Corp. (NYSE: CHK) has proposed plans to spin off a royalty trust to be called Chesapeake Granite Wash Trust and El Paso Corp. (NYSE: EP), in something of a reversal, plans to spin off its exploration and production assets while maintaining its midstream business.

Perhaps the most intriguing spin-off has not been announced yet, and may not happen at all. Several analysts have suggested that BP plc (NYSE: BP) should shed its downstream assets in an attempt to put the proper value on all of BP’s assets.  BP has neither confirmed nor denied any plans to split up, and a betting man would probably wager that until the fallout is better known from last year’s Gulf of Mexico spill the company will not make any major move.

Exxon Mobil Corp. (NYSE: XOM) recently unloaded an 88,000 barrel/day refinery in Malaysia, along with several hundred retail outlets in the country, but has made no noise about spinning out US refineries. Chevron Corp. (NYSE: CVX) has said that it definitely has no plans to split up its businesses.

Conoco has announced a spin-off of its refining assets.  Shareholders liked the news, but the company’s shares have not been able to hold onto the share-price boost that followed the announcement. That doesn’t mean that the split isn’t a good thing, but that other events have overshadowed it.

Chesapeake filed to form the royalty trust in early July and expected at the time to raise about $548 million from the deal.  The Chesapeake Granite Wash Trust will own revenue interests in natural gas and liquids production in the Granite Wash shale gas play in Oklahoma’s Anadarko Basin. Chesapeake continues to raise cash in any way it can to work off its $10 billion in long term debt. This spin-off was viewed by investors as just another deal to do that and had a slightly negative short-term impact on the share price.

El Paso plans to spin-off its E&P business, which generated about 40% of the company’s $4.6 billion in 2010 revenues.  The announcement boosted the company’s shares to a new 52-week high, but the stock price has pulled back about 10% since then. The new company’s assets include acreage in the Haynesville shale play, the Eagle Ford shale play, and a couple of other basins in Utah and Texas. Most of the production is cheap natural gas, with some liquids included. Realistically, El Paso’s E&P assets are most likely being prepped for sale.

Of the proposed spin-offs, El Paso’s has been the most well-received. But if BP decides to join the party, expect more interest in spin-offs to show up from the other integrated majors. That’s when things will really get interesting.

Paul Ausick

The company is an independent exploration and production outfit focused on the exploration, acquisition and development of unconventional oil and natural gas resources.  The company was recently formed “for the purpose of acquiring SEP I’s unconventional oil and natural gas assets, which are held in SEP Holdings III and will be contributed to us as part of the formation transactions.”

What matters here besides being a new company is that this an Eagle Ford Shale player.  The company claims to have accumulated approximately 39,000 net leasehold acres in the oil and condensate, or black oil and volatile oil, windows of the Eagle Ford Shale in Gonzales, Zavala and Frio Counties of South Texas.  It also owns all rights and depths on the majority of its Eagle Ford Shale acreage, but it does have approximately 1,500 net acres in the Haynesville Shale in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana.  Those are listed in the prospectus as being operated by Chesapeake Energy Corporation (NYSE: CHK) and Encana Corporation (NYSE: ECA). The company also has acquired roughly 82,000 net acres in northern Montana as prospective land for the Heath, Three Forks and Bakken Shales.

The majority of its cap-ex budget from July 2011 through December 2012 is said to be focused on the development and expansion of the oil focused Eagle Ford Shale acreage and operations.  The company further noted that it plans to aggressively pursue additional leasehold and strategic acquisitions in the Eagle Ford Shale.

Sanchez’s Eagle Ford Shale acreage is composed of approximately 9,300 net acres in Gonzales County, Texas that it calls its Palmetto area.  It also has about 29,500 net acres in Zavala and Frio Counties, Texas that it calls its Maverick area. Hilcorp Energy Company and its affiliates recently entered into a definitive agreement for the sale of 141,000 net acres in the Eagle Ford Shale, including its 50% ownership interest in the Palmetto area to Marathon Oil Corporation (NYSE: MRO) for approximately $3.5 billion at an average of $24,822 per acre before adjustments.  The company does note that when the acquisition closes on November 1, 2011 that Marathon will be its 50/50 working interest partner in the Palmetto area.

The sole book-runner is Johnson Rice & Company and the senior co-manager is Macquarie Capital.  Sanchez Energy plans to list its stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “SEN.”

The filing notes on the management team, “Our management team and the Sanchez Group have a proven track record in identifying, acquiring, and executing large drilling programs and have operated a wide range of drilling projects over the last 40 years, primarily focused as an operator in the South Texas and onshore Gulf Coast areas. Various members of the Sanchez Group have been in the oil and natural gas business since 1972, have drilled or participated in over 900 wells, directly and through joint ventures, and have invested substantial amounts of capital in the oil and natural gas industry.”

The full IPO filing is here.

JON C. OGG

That honor falls to smaller oil producers including Brigham Exploration Co. (NASDAQ: BEXP), Continental Resources, Inc. (NYSE: CLR), Concho Resources, Inc. (NYSE: CXO), Kodiak Oil & Gas Corp. (NYSE: KOG), Forest Oil Corp. (NYSE: FST), Stone Energy Corp. (NYSE: SGY), Whiting Petroleum Corp. (NYSE: WLL), Abraxas Petroleum Corp. (NASDAQ: AXAS), Approach Resources Inc. (NASDAQ: AREX), and Triangle Petroleum Corp. (AMEX: TPLM). Among services companies RPC Inc. (NYSE: RES), which doesn’t currently have any presence in the Bakken, is looking to join the bigger players up in the north country. A midstream company that is expanding its presence in the Bakken is Tesoro Logistics LP (NYSE: TLLP), a recent spin-off from refiner Tesoro Corp. (NYSE: TSO).

And last week, SemGroup Corp. (NYSE: SEMG) announced that it plans to create a new midstream company, Rose Rock Midstream LP, through a $181 million IPO. Rose Rock owns and operates a gathering, storage, transportation, and marketing business in the Bakken.

Current production from the Bakken shale is about 360,000 barrels/day and there are those who believe that figure will reach well over a million barrels/day in another five years. The US Geological Survey estimates about 4.4 billion potential barrels from the Bakken. Continental Resources’ chairman suggests that the real potential is about six times that.

Whatever the production, the problem remains how to get the oil to market. More pipelines are needed to get the oil to somewhere other than the market hub at Cushing, Oklahoma. The Bakken’s crude competes with the heavy crude coming from the Alberta oil sands for pipeline space and markets. Rail and truck transportation currently haul most of the Bakken’s crude.

A substantial portion of the Bakken’s production is transported by rail, which is far more expensive than pipeline transportation. But the high prices for crude are boosting rail transportation from the Bakken to the Gulf Coast to around 100,000 barrels/day this year. Some analysts think that number could triple by the end of 2012.

And there’s no end in sight for the transportation bottleneck. Proposed pipelines, like the Keystone XL, face opposition from environmental groups, and another proposal for a pipeline from Cushing to Houston died for lack of shipper interest.

The pipeline shortage can’t last. Moving crude by truck and rail is more expensive and far more likely to result in a massive spill than is pipeline transportation.

Transportation problems aside, the Bakken is booming now and is likely to continue growing for years.

Paul Ausick

Biogen Idec Inc. (NASDAQ: BIIB) Raised to Outperform at Oppenheimer.
Canadian Solar Inc. (NASDAQ: CSIQ) Raised to Neutral at Piper Jaffray.
CBS Corporation (NYSE: CBS) Maintained Outperform as Bull of the Day at Zacks.
CenturyLink Inc. (NYSE: CTL) Maintained Buy with $48 target at Argus.
Deere & Co. (NYSE: DE) Maintained Outperform but cut target to $91 at Credit Suisse.
EMC Corporation (NYSE: EMC) Maintained Outperform but Cut target to $27 at Credit Suisse.
France Telecom (NYSE: FTE) Raised to Neutral at Credit Suisse.
The Hain Celestial Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: HAIN) Cut to Sell at S&P Equity Research (late Wednesday call).
Marathon Oil Corporation (NYSE: MRO) Cut to Neutral as Bear of the Day at Zacks.
McDonald’s Corporation (NYSE: MCD) Raised to Outperform at Oppenheimer.
Nokia Corporation (NYSE: NOK) Raised to Hold at Jefferies.
ProLogis (NYSE: PLD) Cut to Hold at Stifel Nicolaus.
Red Hat, Inc. (NYSE: RHT) Started as Buy at Citigroup.
Starbucks Corporation (NASDAQ: SBUX) Cut to Perform at Oppenheimer.
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited (NASDAQ: TEVA) Started as Outperform at Leerink Swann.

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JON C. OGG