What makes the people of a country unhappy? Widespread exposure to warfare, famine, poverty, or plague are obvious answers, but those factors don’t apply universally. Common country-level measures of happiness, contentment, or satisfaction among populations include average lifespan from birth and levels of national economic activity. In addition, people who live in countries that embrace democracy and transparency tend to be “happier” than those who don’t, and countries that crack down on institutional corruption tend to govern happier people.
To determine the countries in which these positive factors are not significant – in other words, the 50 unhappiest countries in the world – 24/7 Tempo reviewed The World Happiness Report, a publication of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network, for 2022. The report, which uses Gallup World Poll data, evaluated some 146 countries. (Data for countries marked with an asterisk is for 2019.) The report is based on six variables: GDP per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom, generosity, and corruption. (These are the most corrupt countries in the world.)
We added 2020 GDP per capita data, in current international dollars based on the purchasing power parity method, from the World Bank. Life expectancy at birth for 2019 (pre-pandemic) is also from the World Bank. Each country’s 2021 democracy index came from the Economist Intelligence Unit; each country’s 2021 corruption perception index came from Transparency International.
Click here to see the unhappiest countries in the world
Gross domestic product per capita – not to be confused with per capita income – is a common measure of a country’s prosperity. Among 50 of the world’s unhappiest countries per the most recent annual World Happiness Report survey, the average per capita GNP was $6,311, compared to $43,228 among the 50 happiest countries. (These are the countries with the worst wealth inequality.)
Life expectancy is a key factor, too. People living in the 50 unhappiest countries live to an average of 66.3 years, about 13 fewer years than people in the 50 happiest countries. In addition, people living in less democratic and more institutionally corrupt countries tend to be less happy. These correlations aren’t always reliable, however. Even before the recent Russian invasion, Ukraine had some of the world’s least content people while ranking relatively high in the Democracy Index, a popular measure of the state of democracy among countries.
Source: BethanyFank / Getty Images
50. Liberia
> Happiness score: 5.122
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,468 – #3 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 64.1 years – #20 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.43 – #62 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 29 – #32 worst of 143 countries
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Source: anmbph / Getty Images
49. Ukraine
> Happiness score: 5.084
> GDP per capita, 2020: $13,055 – #63 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 71.8 years – #50 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.57 – #66 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 32 – #44 worst of 143 countries
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Source: guenterguni / E+ via Getty Images
48. Congo
> Happiness score: 5.075
> GDP per capita, 2020: No data
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: No data
> Democracy index: 1.40 – #3 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 21 – #9 worst of 143 countries
Source: xavierarnau / Getty Images
47. Morocco
> Happiness score: 5.060
> GDP per capita, 2020: $7,369 – #39 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 76.7 years – #55 highest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.04 – #57 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 39 – #68 best of 143 countries
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Source: Isono / Getty Images
46. Mozambique
> Happiness score: 5.048
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,297 – #2 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 60.9 years – #8 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.51 – #37 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 26 – #22 worst of 143 countries
Source: HomoCosmicos / Getty Images
45. Cameroon
> Happiness score: 5.048
> GDP per capita, 2020: $3,868 – #25 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 59.3 years – #5 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.56 – #17 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 27 – #25 worst of 143 countries
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Source: effevi / Getty Images
44. Senegal
> Happiness score: 5.046
> GDP per capita, 2020: $3,503 – #21 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 67.9 years – #35 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.53 – #64 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 43 – #58 best of 143 countries
Source: HomoCosmicos / Getty Images
43. Niger
> Happiness score: 5.003
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,288 – #1 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 62.4 years – #15 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.11 – #46 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 31 – #42 worst of 143 countries
Source: Sean Pavone / Getty Images
42. Georgia
> Happiness score: 4.973
> GDP per capita, 2020: $14,767 – #69 highest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 73.8 years – #61 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.12 – #61 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 55 – #37 best of 143 countries
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Source: mtcurado / Getty Images
41. Gabon
> Happiness score: 4.958
> GDP per capita, 2020: $15,106 – #66 highest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 66.5 years – #28 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.40 – #33 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 31 – #42 worst of 143 countries
Source: serkansenturk / Getty Images
40. Iraq
> Happiness score: 4.941
> GDP per capita, 2020: $9,507 – #50 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 70.6 years – #42 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.51 – #37 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 23 – #13 worst of 143 countries
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Source: DouglasOlivares / Getty Images
39. Venezuela
> Happiness score: 4.925
> GDP per capita, 2020: No data
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 72.1 years – #53 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.11 – #11 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 14 – #1 worst of 143 countries
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Source: viti / Getty Images
38. Guinea
> Happiness score: 4.891
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,817 – #18 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 61.6 years – #12 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.28 – #14 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 25 – #19 worst of 143 countries
Source: FS-Stock / iStock via Getty Images
37. Islamic Republic of Iran
> Happiness score: 4.888
> GDP per capita, 2020: $13,338 – #67 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 76.7 years – #56 highest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.79 – #20 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 25 – #19 worst of 143 countries
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Source: ruffraido / Getty Images
36. Ghana
> Happiness score: 4.872
> GDP per capita, 2020: $5,744 – #37 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 64.1 years – #19 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 6.50 – #52 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 43 – #58 best of 143 countries
Source: Seqoya / Getty Images
35. Turkey
> Happiness score: 4.744
> GDP per capita, 2020: $27,235 – #46 highest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 77.7 years – #42 highest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.35 – #49 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 38 – #69 worst of 143 countries
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Source: mtcurado / Getty Images
34. Burkina Faso
> Happiness score: 4.670
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,274 – #11 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 61.6 years – #11 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.84 – #41 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 42 – #62 best of 143 countries
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Source: efired / Getty Images
33. Cambodia
> Happiness score: 4.640
> GDP per capita, 2020: $4,421 – #27 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 69.8 years – #40 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.90 – #23 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 23 – #13 worst of 143 countries
Source: peeterv / Getty Images
32. Benin
> Happiness score: 4.623
> GDP per capita, 2020: $3,505 – #22 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 61.8 years – #13 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.19 – #47 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 42 – #62 best of 143 countries
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Source: urf / Getty Images
31. Comoros
> Happiness score: 4.609
> GDP per capita, 2020: $3,153 – #19 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 64.3 years – #23 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.20 – #30 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 20 – #8 worst of 143 countries
Source: mtcurado / Getty Images
30. Uganda
> Happiness score: 4.603
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,294 – #13 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 63.4 years – #16 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.48 – #52 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 27 – #25 worst of 143 countries
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Source: Igor Alecsander / E+ via Getty Images
29. Nigeria
> Happiness score: 4.552
> GDP per capita, 2020: $5,186 – #33 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 54.7 years – #3 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.11 – #46 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 24 – #15 worst of 143 countries
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Source: Jacek_Sopotnicki / Getty Images
28. Kenya
> Happiness score: 4.543
> GDP per capita, 2020: $4,578 – #28 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 66.7 years – #30 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.05 – #58 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 30 – #39 worst of 143 countries
Source: Gelia / Getty Images
27. Tunisia
> Happiness score: 4.516
> GDP per capita, 2020: $10,823 – #52 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 76.7 years – #54 highest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.99 – #69 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 44 – #55 best of 143 countries
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Source: HomoCosmicos / Getty Images
26. Pakistan
> Happiness score: 4.516
> GDP per capita, 2020: $4,813 – #29 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 67.3 years – #33 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.31 – #48 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 28 – #29 worst of 143 countries
Source: rglinsky / iStock
25. Palestinian Territories
> Happiness score: 4.483
> GDP per capita, 2020: No data
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: No data
> Democracy index: 3.94 – #43 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: No data
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Source: dutourdumonde / Getty Images
24. Mali
> Happiness score: 4.479
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,348 – #14 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 59.3 years – #6 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.48 – #34 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 29 – #32 worst of 143 countries
Source: Tiago_Fernandez / Getty Images
23. Namibia
> Happiness score: 4.459
> GDP per capita, 2020: $9,298 – #49 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 63.7 years – #17 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 6.52 – #51 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 49 – #46 best of 143 countries
Source: EunikaSopotnicka / iStock via Getty Images
22. Eswatini
> Happiness score: 4.396
> GDP per capita, 2020: $8,866 – #47 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 60.2 years – #7 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.08 – #28 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 32 – #44 worst of 143 countries
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Source: Soft_Light / Getty Images
21. Myanmar
> Happiness score: 4.394
> GDP per capita, 2020: $5,124 – #31 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 67.1 years – #32 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 1.02 – #2 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 28 – #29 worst of 143 countries
Source: Jane1e / Getty Images
20. Sri Lanka
> Happiness score: 4.362
> GDP per capita, 2020: $13,225 – #65 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 77 years – #49 highest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 6.14 – #62 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 37 – #63 worst of 143 countries
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19. Madagascar
> Happiness score: 4.339
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,544 – #4 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 67 years – #31 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.70 – #68 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 26 – #22 worst of 143 countries
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Source: Daniel Berehulak / Getty Images
18. Egypt
> Happiness score: 4.288
> GDP per capita, 2020: $12,607 – #61 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 72 years – #52 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.93 – #25 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 33 – #49 worst of 143 countries
17. Chad
> Happiness score: 4.251
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,602 – #6 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 54.2 years – #1 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 1.67 – #5 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 20 – #8 worst of 143 countries
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Source: HomoCosmicos / Getty Images
16. Ethiopia
> Happiness score: 4.241
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,423 – #15 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 66.6 years – #29 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.30 – #32 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 39 – #68 best of 143 countries
Source: ugurhan / E+ via Getty Images
15. Yemen
> Happiness score: 4.197
> GDP per capita, 2020: No data
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 66.1 years – #27 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 1.95 – #9 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 16 – #3 worst of 143 countries
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Source: HomoCosmicos / iStock via Getty Images
14. Mauritania
> Happiness score: 4.153
> GDP per capita, 2020: $5,390 – #34 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 64.9 years – #25 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.03 – #44 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 28 – #29 worst of 143 countries
Source: mbrand85 / Getty Images
13. Jordan
> Happiness score: 4.152
> GDP per capita, 2020: $10,355 – #51 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 74.5 years – #69 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.49 – #35 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 49 – #46 best of 143 countries
Source: officek_ki / Getty Images
12. Togo
> Happiness score: 4.112
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,223 – #10 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 61 years – #9 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.80 – #21 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 30 – #39 worst of 143 countries
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Source: Instants / Getty Images
11. India
> Happiness score: 3.777
> GDP per capita, 2020: $6,504 – #38 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 69.7 years – #39 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 6.91 – #43 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 40 – #67 best of 143 countries
Source: Jason J Mulikita / Getty Images
10. Zambia
> Happiness score: 3.760
> GDP per capita, 2020: $3,458 – #20 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 63.9 years – #18 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.72 – #71 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 33 – #49 worst of 143 countries
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Source: Robert_Ford / Getty Images
9. Malawi
> Happiness score: 3.750
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,592 – #5 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 64.3 years – #22 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.74 – #72 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 35 – #56 worst of 143 countries
Source: borchee / Getty Images
8. Tanzania
> Happiness score: 3.702
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,780 – #17 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 65.5 years – #26 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 5.10 – #60 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 39 – #68 best of 143 countries
Source: Abenaa / Getty Images
7. Sierra Leone
> Happiness score: 3.574
> GDP per capita, 2020: $1,727 – #7 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 54.7 years – #4 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 4.97 – #55 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 34 – #51 worst of 143 countries
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Source: BartCo / E+ via Getty Images
6. Lesotho
> Happiness score: 3.512
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,444 – #16 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 54.3 years – #2 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 6.30 – #60 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 38 – #69 worst of 143 countries
Source: evenfh / iStock via Getty Images
5. Botswana
> Happiness score: 3.471
> GDP per capita, 2020: $15,458 – #65 highest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 69.6 years – #38 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 7.73 – #30 highest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 55 – #37 best of 143 countries
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Source: stellalevi / E+ via Getty Images
4. Rwanda
> Happiness score: 3.268
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,214 – #9 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 69 years – #37 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.10 – #29 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 53 – #42 best of 143 countries
Source: Tamer_Desouky / Getty Images
3. Zimbabwe
> Happiness score: 2.995
> GDP per capita, 2020: $3,537 – #23 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 61.5 years – #10 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 2.92 – #24 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 23 – #13 worst of 143 countries
Source: ramzihachicho / Getty Images
2. Lebanon
> Happiness score: 2.955
> GDP per capita, 2020: $12,119 – #59 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 78.9 years – #33 highest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 3.84 – #41 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 24 – #15 worst of 143 countries
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Source: sasacvetkovic33 / Getty Images
1. Afghanistan
> Happiness score: 2.404
> GDP per capita, 2020: $2,079 – #8 lowest of 139 countries
> Life expectancy at birth, 2019: 64.8 years – #24 lowest of 141 countries
> Democracy index: 0.32 – #1 lowest of 143 countries
> Corruption index, 2021: 16 – #3 worst of 143 countries
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