Besides providing an education, going to college can offer a variety of other benefits to students. Students learn more about themselves, and meet friends and make connections at school, which can help with a future job search. While connections and the general quality of education one gets are important to a future career, the role chosen by undergrads can be a major factor in the job one lands out of college, and the potential for how much one can make for the rest of their life. Based on recently released data from the US Census Bureau, some college majors may earn far less than others.
To determine the lowest paying college majors, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed data on earnings from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2021 American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Sample files, the most recent available data. Undergraduate college majors were ranked based on the average reported incomes of degree holders in 2021.
When we choose a college major, there are many questions one must consider. Some choose their major based on personal passions for the arts or interest in certain subjects. Some choose a major that focuses on helping people, like special needs education. Other considerations may include future earnings potential. (These are the 30 college majors with higher earnings for Black versus white graduates.)
Both fine arts and special needs education are among the lowest-paying majors because the jobs that these majors prepare students for tend to be low-paying. Many arts-related jobs, including visual, performing, and studio arts, are on this list, alongside teaching jobs, social work, community organization, and other historically low-paying jobs.
Education majors, however, are dominant in this list. A career as an educator can be highly rewarding, but those choosing to pursue this career, even after a four-year education, should know that the median American public school teacher salary, as of 2023, was $56,026, according to Salary.com. (These are America’s best public high schools.)
Click here to see the lowest paying college majors.
Click here to see our detailed methodology.
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25. Fine arts
> Avg. annual earnings: $42,887
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 25.4%
> Unemployment rate: 6.6%
> No. degree holders: 939,448
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24. Social science or history teacher education
> Avg. annual earnings: $42,343
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 49.9%
> Unemployment rate: 2.9%
> No. degree holders: 245,657
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23. Educational psychology
> Avg. annual earnings: $41,994
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 64.6%
> Unemployment rate: 1.8%
> No. degree holders: 40,967
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22. Social work
> Avg. annual earnings: $41,861
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 51.2%
> Unemployment rate: 3.3%
> No. degree holders: 860,607
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21. Theology and religious vocations
> Avg. annual earnings: $41,687
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 44.8%
> Unemployment rate: 2.8%
> No. degree holders: 494,459
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20. Studio arts
> Avg. annual earnings: $41,508
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 30.1%
> Unemployment rate: 6.9%
> No. degree holders: 153,403
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19. Visual and performing arts
> Avg. annual earnings: $41,416
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 26.4%
> Unemployment rate: 6.0%
> No. degree holders: 112,450
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18. Human services and community organization
> Avg. annual earnings: $41,412
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 32.6%
> Unemployment rate: 4.1%
> No. degree holders: 170,259
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17. Mathematics teacher education
> Avg. annual earnings: $40,477
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 55.4%
> Unemployment rate: 1.6%
> No. degree holders: 170,260
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16. Physical and health education teaching
> Avg. annual earnings: $40,413
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 41.9%
> Unemployment rate: 3.1%
> No. degree holders: 464,182
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15. Cosmetology services and culinary arts
> Avg. annual earnings: $39,508
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 9.1%
> Unemployment rate: 9.8%
> No. degree holders: 71,616
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14. Special needs education
> Avg. annual earnings: $37,994
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 58.7%
> Unemployment rate: 2.7%
> No. degree holders: 399,567
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13. Family and consumer sciences
> Avg. annual earnings: $37,898
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 30.0%
> Unemployment rate: 4.1%
> No. degree holders: 700,518
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12. Social psychology
> Avg. annual earnings: $37,808
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 43.6%
> Unemployment rate: 3.8%
> No. degree holders: 19,036
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11. Science and computer teacher education
> Avg. annual earnings: $37,537
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 58.6%
> Unemployment rate: 2.8%
> No. degree holders: 138,903
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10. Art and music education
> Avg. annual earnings: $35,750
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 47.4%
> Unemployment rate: 3.1%
> No. degree holders: 462,421
Source: SDI Productions / E+ via Getty Images
9. Early childhood education
> Avg. annual earnings: $35,094
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 38.4%
> Unemployment rate: 2.2%
> No. degree holders: 361,173
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8. General education
> Avg. annual earnings: $34,533
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 48.1%
> Unemployment rate: 2.7%
> No. degree holders: 3,201,869
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7. Language and drama education
> Avg. annual earnings: $34,393
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 56.1%
> Unemployment rate: 2.5%
> No. degree holders: 405,401
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6. Teacher education
> Avg. annual earnings: $33,256
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 47.4%
> Unemployment rate: 1.8%
> No. degree holders: 180,518
Source: JohnnyGreig / E+ via Getty Images
5. Secondary teacher education
> Avg. annual earnings: $32,650
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 53.9%
> Unemployment rate: 2.0%
> No. degree holders: 404,469
Source: golero / E+ via Getty Images
4. Miscellaneous education
> Avg. annual earnings: $31,436
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 45.7%
> Unemployment rate: 3.6%
> No. degree holders: 374,619
Source: SDI Productions / E+ via Getty Images
3. School student counseling
> Avg. annual earnings: $30,301
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 93.2%
> Unemployment rate: 0.9%
> No. degree holders: 28,956
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2. Elementary education
> Avg. annual earnings: $29,730
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 46.2%
> Unemployment rate: 2.0%
> No. degree holders: 2,569,372
Source: GaudiLab / iStock via Getty Images
1. Library science
> Avg. annual earnings: $22,742
> Graduates with master’s degree or higher: 60.7%
> Unemployment rate: 5.1%
> No. degree holders: 47,735
Methodology
To determine the lowest paying college majors, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed data on earnings from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2021 American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Sample files. Undergraduate college majors were ranked based on the average reported incomes of degree holders in 2021.
Data on unemployment, highest level of educational attainment, and number of degree holders were calculated using field of degree data from the Census Bureau. The Census considers the first degree listed by survey respondents in response to the prompt: “Please print below the specific major(s) of any BACHELOR’S DEGREES this person has received” to be their major undergraduate field of degree.
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