Inflation is surging in the United States – in large part because of rising food prices. In cities across the country, food today is 8% more expensive, on average, than it was a year ago, and consumers are feeling the pinch.
According to the Economic Policy Institute, a nonprofit think tank, a single adult can expect to pay an estimated $3,404 on food in 2022. This amount varies across the country, however, and in most states, there is at least one metropolitan area where consumers are paying more than the national average for food. Here is a look at the countries with the most and least affordable groceries.
Using data from the EPI’s Family Budget Calculator, 24/7 Wall St. identified the metro area in every state where people pay the most for food. Metro areas are ranked on estimated food expenditure in 2022, assuming a nutritionally adequate diet for a single adult, where almost all food is bought at a grocery store and prepared at home.
It is important to note that four states – Delaware, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont – each have only one metro area. As a result, the metro area in these places ranks as having the highest food costs by default only. In metro areas with the same estimated annual food cost, the metro area with the higher food insecurity rate – defined as the share of the population not always able to afford or otherwise access well-balanced meals – ranks as having higher food costs.
Among the metro areas on this list, estimated annual food costs range from about $3,050 to over $5,000. In several metro areas on this list, food costs are lower than the statewide average. However, in a far larger share of metro areas on this list, food costs exceed the statewide average by over $200. Higher food costs in these places are often a reflection of what residents can afford. Most metro areas on this list have a higher median household income than the comparable statewide median. Here is a look at the income needed to be middle class in each state.
Click here to see the metro where single people pay the most for food in every state
Click here for our detailed methodology
Alabama: Daphne-Fairhope-Foley
> Est. annual food costs: $3,714 (Alabama: $3,333)
> Median family income: $79,907 (Alabama: $66,772)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.2% (Alabama: 13.7%)
> Food insecurity rate: 5.4% (Alabama: 7.9%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 12
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Alaska: Anchorage
> Est. annual food costs: $3,228 (Alaska: $3,344)
> Median family income: $98,403 (Alaska: $92,648)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 11.8% (Alaska: 12.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 5.7% (Alaska: 9.2%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 2
Arizona: Prescott Valley-Prescott
> Est. annual food costs: $3,445 (Arizona: $3,231)
> Median family income: $66,999 (Arizona: $73,456)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.8% (Arizona: 11.2%)
> Food insecurity rate: 12.6% (Arizona: 7.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 7
Arkansas: Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway
> Est. annual food costs: $3,210 (Arkansas: $3,058)
> Median family income: $72,289 (Arkansas: $62,067)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.3% (Arkansas: 12.2%)
> Food insecurity rate: 8.4% (Arkansas: 8.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 6
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California: San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley
> Est. annual food costs: $4,604 (California: $3,648)
> Median family income: $131,087 (California: $89,798)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 6.6% (California: 10.2%)
> Food insecurity rate: 1.4% (California: 3.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 26
Colorado: Boulder
> Est. annual food costs: $4,098 (Colorado: $3,593)
> Median family income: $118,307 (Colorado: $92,752)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 5.5% (Colorado: 8.0%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.1% (Colorado: 5.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 7
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Connecticut: Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk
> Est. annual food costs: $4,212 (Connecticut: $3,775)
> Median family income: $120,156 (Connecticut: $102,061)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 9.1% (Connecticut: 12.4%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.2% (Connecticut: 4.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 4
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Delaware: Dover
> Est. annual food costs: $3,133 (Delaware: $3,519)
> Median family income: $70,383 (Delaware: $84,825)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 15.6% (Delaware: 11.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 4.5% (Delaware: 4.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 1
*Because Dover is the only eligible metro in Delaware, it is the metro with the highest food costs by default.
Florida: Sebastian-Vero Beach
> Est. annual food costs: $3,922 (Florida: $3,594)
> Median family income: $72,001 (Florida: $69,670)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.2% (Florida: 13.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 13.6% (Florida: 7.2%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 22
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Georgia: Brunswick
> Est. annual food costs: $3,528 (Georgia: $3,290)
> Median family income: $68,432 (Georgia: $74,127)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 15.7% (Georgia: 12.8%)
> Food insecurity rate: 8.2% (Georgia: 9.0%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 14
Hawaii: Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina
> Est. annual food costs: $5,392 (Hawaii: $5,016)
> Median family income: $92,627 (Hawaii: $97,813)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.7% (Hawaii: 11.8%)
> Food insecurity rate: 8.2% (Hawaii: 6.9%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 2
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Idaho: Coeur d’Alene
> Est. annual food costs: $3,496 (Idaho: $3,386)
> Median family income: $72,376 (Idaho: $70,885)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 9.6% (Idaho: 10.0%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.8% (Idaho: 7.1%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 5
Illinois: Chicago-Naperville-Elgin
> Est. annual food costs: $3,322 (Illinois: $3,209)
> Median family income: $92,668 (Illinois: $86,251)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 12.5% (Illinois: 13.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.6% (Illinois: 4.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 9
Indiana: Bloomington
> Est. annual food costs: $3,144 (Indiana: $2,957)
> Median family income: $74,499 (Indiana: $73,265)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.9% (Indiana: 9.8%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.9% (Indiana: 6.9%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 12
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Iowa: Des Moines-West Des Moines
> Est. annual food costs: $3,225 (Iowa: $3,075)
> Median family income: $89,538 (Iowa: $79,186)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.9% (Iowa: 10.6%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.3% (Iowa: 5.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 8
Kansas: Manhattan
> Est. annual food costs: $3,754 (Kansas: $3,232)
> Median family income: $70,357 (Kansas: $77,620)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.4% (Kansas: 7.8%)
> Food insecurity rate: 15.3% (Kansas: 8.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 4
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Kentucky: Lexington-Fayette
> Est. annual food costs: $3,150 (Kentucky: $2,951)
> Median family income: $78,944 (Kentucky: $65,893)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.1% (Kentucky: 13.6%)
> Food insecurity rate: 6.7% (Kentucky: 5.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 5
Louisiana: New Orleans-Metairie
> Est. annual food costs: $3,623 (Louisiana: $3,373)
> Median family income: $72,053 (Louisiana: $65,427)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 13.6% (Louisiana: 15.8%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.9% (Louisiana: 9.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 9
Maine: Portland-South Portland
> Est. annual food costs: $4,237 (Maine: $3,973)
> Median family income: $89,988 (Maine: $76,192)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 9.4% (Maine: 13.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.9% (Maine: 3.8%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 3
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Maryland: Baltimore-Columbia-Towson
> Est. annual food costs: $3,542 (Maryland: $3,562)
> Median family income: $104,637 (Maryland: $105,790)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 11.7% (Maryland: 10.8%)
> Food insecurity rate: 2.8% (Maryland: 3.4%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 5
Massachusetts: Barnstable Town
> Est. annual food costs: $4,555 (Massachusetts: $4,040)
> Median family income: $99,410 (Massachusetts: $106,526)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.5% (Massachusetts: 12.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 9.7% (Massachusetts: 4.1%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 5
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Michigan: Ann Arbor
> Est. annual food costs: $3,517 (Michigan: $3,135)
> Median family income: $105,224 (Michigan: $75,470)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.7% (Michigan: 13.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 6.0% (Michigan: 6.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 14
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Minnesota: Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington
> Est. annual food costs: $3,563 (Minnesota: $3,438)
> Median family income: $103,977 (Minnesota: $92,692)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.0% (Minnesota: 8.4%)
> Food insecurity rate: 4.8% (Minnesota: 5.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 5
Mississippi: Jackson
> Est. annual food costs: $3,349 (Mississippi: $3,236)
> Median family income: $67,202 (Mississippi: $58,923)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 13.3% (Mississippi: 15.2%)
> Food insecurity rate: 10.7% (Mississippi: 10.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 3
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Missouri: Kansas City
> Est. annual food costs: $3,285 (Missouri: $3,150)
> Median family income: $86,562 (Missouri: $72,834)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.9% (Missouri: 11.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 6.3% (Missouri: 6.8%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 8
Montana: Missoula
> Est. annual food costs: $3,372 (Montana: $3,385)
> Median family income: $76,923 (Montana: $72,773)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.9% (Montana: 10.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 6.6% (Montana: 8.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 3
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Nebraska: Lincoln
> Est. annual food costs: $3,133 (Nebraska: $3,143)
> Median family income: $82,381 (Nebraska: $80,125)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.4% (Nebraska: 8.7%)
> Food insecurity rate: 2.7% (Nebraska: 5.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 2
Nevada: Reno
> Est. annual food costs: $3,548 (Nevada: $3,457)
> Median family income: $84,215 (Nevada: $74,077)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 11.1% (Nevada: 12.7%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.7% (Nevada: 5.4%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 3
New Hampshire: Manchester-Nashua
> Est. annual food costs: $3,652 (New Hampshire: $3,748)
> Median family income: $103,238 (New Hampshire: $97,001)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.7% (New Hampshire: 7.4%)
> Food insecurity rate: 5.5% (New Hampshire: 5.0%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 1
*Because Manchester-Nashua is the only eligible metro in New Hampshire, it is the metro with the highest food costs by default.
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New Jersey: Ocean City
> Est. annual food costs: $3,911 (New Jersey: $3,720)
> Median family income: $87,716 (New Jersey: $104,804)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.0% (New Jersey: 9.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 8.8% (New Jersey: 3.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 4
New Mexico: Santa Fe
> Est. annual food costs: $3,579 (New Mexico: $3,217)
> Median family income: $73,862 (New Mexico: $62,611)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 11.1% (New Mexico: 17.7%)
> Food insecurity rate: 11.0% (New Mexico: 14.0%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 4
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New York: New York-Newark-Jersey City
> Est. annual food costs: $4,297 (New York: $3,869)
> Median family income: $99,148 (New York: $87,270)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 13.6% (New York: 15.2%)
> Food insecurity rate: 1.6% (New York: 2.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 13
North Carolina: Durham-Chapel Hill
> Est. annual food costs: $3,638 (North Carolina: $3,207)
> Median family income: $84,764 (North Carolina: $70,978)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 9.8% (North Carolina: 12.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.0% (North Carolina: 6.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 14
North Dakota: Bismarck
> Est. annual food costs: $3,367 (North Dakota: $3,399)
> Median family income: $93,359 (North Dakota: $86,798)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 6.4% (North Dakota: 7.3%)
> Food insecurity rate: 6.1% (North Dakota: 7.0%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 3
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Ohio: Cleveland-Elyria
> Est. annual food costs: $3,282 (Ohio: $3,081)
> Median family income: $76,766 (Ohio: $74,391)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 14.5% (Ohio: 13.3%)
> Food insecurity rate: 5.1% (Ohio: 6.8%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 11
Oklahoma: Tulsa
> Est. annual food costs: $3,281 (Oklahoma: $3,192)
> Median family income: $72,203 (Oklahoma: $67,511)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 12.4% (Oklahoma: 13.4%)
> Food insecurity rate: 8.7% (Oklahoma: 8.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 4
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Oregon: Bend
> Est. annual food costs: $3,694 (Oregon: $3,521)
> Median family income: $81,822 (Oregon: $80,630)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 11.3% (Oregon: 16.0%)
> Food insecurity rate: 5.3% (Oregon: 5.4%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 8
Pennsylvania: Gettysburg
> Est. annual food costs: $3,766 (Pennsylvania: $3,427)
> Median family income: $84,709 (Pennsylvania: $80,996)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.1% (Pennsylvania: 13.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.0% (Pennsylvania: 4.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 17
Rhode Island: Providence-Warwick
> Est. annual food costs: $3,726 (Rhode Island: $3,749)
> Median family income: $89,555 (Rhode Island: $89,330)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 16.2% (Rhode Island: 15.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 4.6% (Rhode Island: 4.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 1
*Because Providence-Warwick is the only eligible metro in Rhode Island, it is the metro with the highest food costs by default.
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South Carolina: Charleston-North Charleston
> Est. annual food costs: $3,501 (South Carolina: $3,144)
> Median family income: $82,122 (South Carolina: $68,813)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.3% (South Carolina: 11.7%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.2% (South Carolina: 9.1%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 7
South Dakota: Rapid City
> Est. annual food costs: $3,341 (South Dakota: $3,303)
> Median family income: $74,413 (South Dakota: $77,042)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.1% (South Dakota: 9.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 8.5% (South Dakota: 10.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 2
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Tennessee: Chattanooga
> Est. annual food costs: $3,428 (Tennessee: $3,320)
> Median family income: $70,533 (Tennessee: $68,793)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 11.9% (Tennessee: 13.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 12.0% (Tennessee: 8.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 10
Texas: Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown
> Est. annual food costs: $3,364 (Texas: $2,997)
> Median family income: $100,215 (Texas: $76,073)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.1% (Texas: 12.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.5% (Texas: 8.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 25
Utah: St. George
> Est. annual food costs: $3,320 (Utah: $3,197)
> Median family income: $72,683 (Utah: $84,590)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.3% (Utah: 6.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 9.3% (Utah: 5.8%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 5
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Vermont: Burlington-South Burlington
> Est. annual food costs: $3,937 (Vermont: $3,955)
> Median family income: $95,011 (Vermont: $83,023)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 8.9% (Vermont: 11.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 2.5% (Vermont: 3.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 1
*Because Burlington-South Burlington is the only eligible metro in Vermont, it is the metro with the highest food costs by default.
Virginia: Charlottesville
> Est. annual food costs: $3,793 (Virginia: $3,483)
> Median family income: $95,708 (Virginia: $93,284)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 6.0% (Virginia: 8.5%)
> Food insecurity rate: 3.2% (Virginia: 4.3%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 9
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Washington: Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue
> Est. annual food costs: $3,908 (Washington: $3,642)
> Median family income: $109,109 (Washington: $92,422)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 10.0% (Washington: 12.0%)
> Food insecurity rate: 4.3% (Washington: 5.5%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 10
West Virginia: Morgantown
> Est. annual food costs: $3,045 (West Virginia: $2,988)
> Median family income: $77,584 (West Virginia: $61,707)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 12.0% (West Virginia: 17.1%)
> Food insecurity rate: 7.3% (West Virginia: 6.6%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 6
Wisconsin: Madison
> Est. annual food costs: $3,413 (Wisconsin: $3,135)
> Median family income: $97,334 (Wisconsin: $80,844)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 7.6% (Wisconsin: 10.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 4.8% (Wisconsin: 4.8%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 12
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Wyoming: Cheyenne
> Est. annual food costs: $3,268 (Wyoming: $3,432)
> Median family income: $82,325 (Wyoming: $81,290)
> Food Stamp recipiency rate: 6.7% (Wyoming: 5.9%)
> Food insecurity rate: 10.5% (Wyoming: 8.7%)
> No. of metros considered in ranking: 2
Methodology
To determine the metro area with the highest food costs for a single person in each state, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed data from the Economic Policy Institute’s 2022 Family Budget Calculator.
In the Family Budget Calculator, the EPI estimates the annual food budget necessary for families to maintain a modest yet adequate standard of living. The budgets are created for 10 family types for U.S. counties and metro areas. We used estimates for a single person with no children.
State-level food cost estimates are aggregated from the county level using five-year estimates of total households from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2020 American Community Survey.
We used the 384 metropolitan statistical areas as delineated by the United States Office of Management and Budget and used by the Census Bureau as our definition of metros.
Metro areas were ranked based on the EPI’s annual food cost estimates. Ties were broken based on the rate of food insecurity. The food insecurity rate – or the share of the population that lacks adequate access to food – is from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute joint program’s 2021 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps report.
Additional information on median household income and the share of households that receive benefits from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program – formerly known as food stamps – are from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2020 American Community Survey. Because the Census Bureau didn’t release one-year estimates for 2020 due to data collection issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, all ACS data are five-year estimates.
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